Accademia La Maison de la Danse Srld Italy

pharmaceutical intermediatesPharmaceutical Intermediates
Borregaard has manufactured fine chemicals for pharmaceutical companies worldwide for more than fifty years. Our production capacity and strong market position are continuously improving, allowing us to keep up with market demands.

Our core expertise is in contrast media and advanced pharmaceutical intermediates. The opportunities our products bring to the market are endless.

Borregaard focuses on core capabilities. This allows us to be highly competitive while meeting the demands of the modern pharmaceutical industry.

We pride ourselves on our transparency and commitments to our customers, many of whom have been with us since we started. We believe this is proof of our excellent customer service and high, and consistent quality products. It inspires us to continue to strive for improvement.

Our core products

Borregaard ensures customer loyalty with a tightly controlled manufacturing process that yields stable, high-quality products.

Our pharmaceutical intermediates mainly serve the contrast media market though we hold supply positions to other demanding areas.

Our products can be delivered in volumes and packaging tailored to your needs. However, you may prefer delivery in ISO containers as these can be heat regulated and ensure the stability of our products.

Polyimide Monomers
As an attractive dielectric material, Polyimide Monomers have been widely used in the field of electronics, aerospace, and automobiles fulfilling the increasing need for materials that can perform well under harsh conditions, such as elevated temperatures. Polyimides are an important class of step-growth polymers due to their high-temperature stability, mechanical properties, and superior chemical resistance.

Explore Polyimides (PI) in detail along with their key properties like mechanical, thermal, electrical, etc., and understand what makes them an ideal choice in high-end engineering applications.

Polyimides (PI) are high-performance polymers of imide monomers that contain two acyl groups (C=O) bonded to nitrogen (N). These polymers are known for their high-temperature performance in the 400-500°C range as well as chemical resistance.

They are used to replace the conventional use of glass, metals, and even steel in many industrial applications.

Polyimides offer excellent mechanical properties and thus find use in applications that demand rugged organic materials, e.g.

High-temperature fuel cells

Flat-panel display

Aerospace applications

Chemical and environmental industries

As well as various military applications

Key Facts about Acrylate Monomers

butyl-methacrylate-303957-elite acrylic ester copolymerization is an important technique to achieve systematic tailoring of properties required in a broad range of end-use applications. ; Glacial acrylic acid (GAA) and glacial methacrylic acid (GMMA) are acrylate monomers ;used to functionalize acrylic copolymers.

The short-chain acrylic monomers like methyl methacrylate and other monomers like styrene produce harder, more brittle polymers, with high cohesion and strength characteristics. ; The long-chain monomers like butyl acrylate and 2-ethyl hexyl acrylate enable soft, flexible, tacky polymers with lower strength characteristics. Monomers like ethyl acrylate, butyl methacrylate, and vinyl acetate contribute more intermediate glass transition and hardness values. ; Co-monomers such as acrylonitrile and (meth)acrylamide, can improve solvent and oil resistance.

By managing the comonomer ratios and the glass transition temperatures, chemists can balance hardness and softness, tackiness and block resistance, adhesive and cohesive properties, low-temperature flexibility, strength and durability, and other key properties to facilitate end-user goals.

Advancements in film mechanical properties; chemical, water, and abrasion resistance; durability; adhesive properties; and solvent resistance have driven the growth of acrylic copolymers, especially in water-borne technologies. ; A major contributor to these performance enhancements has been new polymer crosslinking chemistries. Exemplary of this trend is the use of diacetone acrylamide functional monomer, which can be incorporated into acrylic systems to afford controlled crosslinkability.

Deuterated Compounds: Optimizing Drug Stability

A deuterated drug is a small molecule in which one or more of the hydrogen atoms are replaced by deuterium. As deuterium and hydrogen have nearly the same physical properties, deuterium substitution is the smallest structural change that can be made to a molecule.

Advantages:

As a deuterated drug is broken down slower, it stays longer in the body and hence requires less frequent dosing (in terms of strength & regimen)

Because of the kinetic isotope effect, deuterated drugs have significantly lower rates of metabolism, and hence a longer half-life

Deuterium replacement may also lower toxicity by reducing toxic metabolite formation

In addition, the deuterated drug is more stable in the presence of other drugs, resulting in reduced drug-drug interactions

A major potential advantage of deuterated compounds ;is the possibility of faster, more efficient, and less costly clinical trials, because of the extensive testing the non-deuterated versions have previously undergone. ;

Carbazoles
Carbazole is an aromatic heterocyclic organic compound. It has a tricyclic structure, consisting of two six-membered benzene rings fused on either side of a five-membered nitrogen-containing ring. The compound’s structure is based on the indole structure, but in which a second benzene ring is fused onto the five-membered ring at the 2–3 position of indole (equivalent to the 9a–4a double bond in carbazole, respectively).

Carbazole is a constituent of tobacco smoke.

Fluorenes
Fluorene ;or 9H-fluorene is an organic compound with the formula (C6H4)2CH2. It forms white crystals that exhibit a characteristic, aromatic odor similar to that of naphthalene. It has a violet fluorescence, hence its name. For commercial purposes, it is obtained from coal tar. It is insoluble in water and soluble in many organic solvents. Although sometimes classified as a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, the five-membered ring has no aromatic properties. Fluorene is mildly acidic.

Anthracenes
Anthracene ;is a solid polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) of formula C14H10, consisting of three fused benzene rings. It is a component of coal tar. Anthracene is used in the production of the red dye alizarin and other dyes. Anthracene is colorless but exhibits a blue (400–500 nm peak) fluorescence under ultraviolet radiation.

Anthracene is anthracene, also called paranaphthalene or green oil, a solid polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) consisting of three benzene rings derived from coal-tar, is the simplest tricyclic aromatic hydrocarbon. It is on the EPA’s priority pollutant list. It is ubiquitous in the environment as a product of the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels. It has been identified in surface and drinking water, ambient air, exhaust emissions, the smoke of cigarettes and cigars, and in smoked foods and edible aquatic organisms. It is primarily used as an intermediate in the production of dyes, smoke screens, scintillation counter crystals, and inorganic semiconductor research. Although a large body of literature exists on the toxicity of PAHs, data for anthracene are limited. Prolonged exposure causes a variety of topical and systemic adverse reactions. Carcinogenicity bioassays with anthracene generally gave negative results.

Triazines
Triazines ;are a class of nitrogen-containing heterocycles. The parent molecules’ molecular formula is C3H3N3. They exist in three isomeric forms, 1,3,5-triazines being common.

Uses

Melamine

A well known triazine is melamine (2,4,6-triamino-1,3,5-triazine). With three amino substituents, melamine is a precursor to commercial resins. Guanamines are closely related to melamine, except with one amino substituent replaced by an organic group. This difference is exploited in the use of guanamines to modify the crosslinking density in melamine resins. Some commercially important guanamines are benzoguanamine and acetoguanamine.[1]

Structure of a guanamine, R = alkyl, aryl, etc.

Cyanuric chloride

Another important triazine is cyanuric chloride (2,4,6-trichloro-1,3,5-triazine). Chlorine-substituted triazines are components of reactive dyes.[2] These compounds react through a chlorine group with hydroxyl groups present in cellulose fibres in nucleophilic substitution, the other triazine positions contain chromophores. Triazine compounds are often used as the basis for various herbicides.

Other

Triazines also have wide use in the oil and gas and petroleum processing industries as a non-regenerating sulfide removal agent; they are applied to fluid streams to remove hydrogen sulfide gas and mercaptan species, which can decrease the quality of the processed hydrocarbon and be harmful to pipeline and facility infrastructure if not removed